TABLE OF CONTENTS
Overview
Biographical Note
Scope and Contents of the Collection
Arrangement of the Collection
Restrictions
Index Terms
Related Material
Administrative Information
Description of Series
Series 1: Photographs
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Collection of William Henry Jackson photographs, 1870/1900:
A Guide to the Collection
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Creator: |
Jackson, William Henry, 1843-1942. |
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Title: |
Collection of William Henry Jackson photographs |
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Dates: | circa 1879-1900. |
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Abstract: |
William Henry Jackson was an American photographer, artist and explorer. This collection contains photographs by William Henry Jackson of Colorado, New Mexico and Utah including views of towns, shops, building construction, stagecoaches, railroad tracks, trains, smelting works, mining, geological formations, cliff dwellings, tunnels, the Denver and Rio Grande Railroad Company, and Colorado Midland Railway Company, from circa 1879 to circa 1900. |
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Accession No: |
Ag1982.0184 |
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Quantity |
3 boxes (137 photographic prints) |
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Language: |
Material is in English |
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Repository |
DeGolyer Library, Southern Methodist University |
American photographer, artist and explorer, William Henry Jackson (1843-1942) led a long and productive life. Jackson was born in Keeseville, New York, on April 4, 1843. He started drawing at a very young age and learned the basics of watercolor painting from his mother and Chapman’s American Drawing Book. Jackson’s formal education stopped around the age of 15, when he graduated from Old Fourth Ward School in Troy, New York.
Between 1858 and 1862, he worked as a photographer’s assistant in charge of retouching and coloring, first in Troy, and then in Rutland, Vermont. During the Civil War, Jackson served with the 12th Vermont Infantry (August, 1862-July, 1863). He returned to the retouching job in Rutland in 1863. In 1866 he left the East for the American frontier and, after a series of odd jobs (bullwhacker, vaquero driver, a failed attempt to become a silver miner),
he became a colorist for the Hamilton Gallery in Omaha, Nebraska. In 1867, together with his younger brother, Edward, Jackson opened the "Jackson Brothers, Photographers," studio in Omaha.
Not satisfied with studio portrait photography, Jackson started taking the camera outdoors and taking views of Nebraska’s landscapes, along the Union Pacific Railroad. He also photographed several Native American tribes, some of whom had never been photographed before. Jackson became most interested in the picturesque opportunities offered by rugged landscapes, such as Utah and Wyoming. By 1869, he was producing 8 x 10-inch negatives, as well as stereoscopic views, and had established a name as a landscape photographer.
In 1870, F.V. Hayden, leader of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, invited Jackson on the survey of Wyoming as an unpaid photographer. At the end of the summer, Jackson accepted Hayden’s offer of employment and held the position of official photographer of Hayden’s surveys until 1878. The hiring contract stipulated that all negatives made on the surveys were to be property of the USGS.
In the summer of 1871, Jackson accompanied Hayden’s survey in the Yellowstone region. He started a long friendship with the painter Thomas Moran, who also joined the survey that year. Jackson’s photographs helped convince the Congress to vote for the Yellowstone National Park bill in 1872. In the following seasons, Jackson documented Hayden’s survey in Yellowstone, the Grand Tetons, and Colorado. His subjects included, among others, the Mount of the Holy Cross (1873), the Ute reservation at Las Pinos, Colorado,
and cliff ruins in Mancos Canyon, near Mesa Verde, Colorado (1874). In 1876, Jackson supervised the USGS exhibit at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, where he displayed some of his most spectacular landscape photographs, as well as Indian portraits and artifacts.
In 1879, Jackson moved to Denver and opened a commercial studio: "The Jackson Photographic Co." He photographed Leadville, Colorado, a mining town. Between 1881 and 1884, he partnered with Albert E. Rinehart, a portrait photographer, under the name "Jackson and Rinehart." Jackson started using the dry-plate process exclusively. He also started taking commissions from various railroad companies to support his photographic trips and advertise the scenery along the railroads. He took trips and photographed around the United States,
as well as Mexico and Canada. Between 1894 and 1896, Jackson was the official photographer of the World Transportation Commission on a tour researching public transportation. The group visited Africa, India, and Russia. Harper’s Weekly hired Jackson to document the trip and published many of his photographs.
In 1897, as a result of a financial crisis of his studio in Denver, Jackson accepted a job with the Detroit Publishing Company, as director of its subsidiary, the Photochrom Company of Detroit. He also owned stock in the company. He photographed landscape in the United States, as well as Cuba, the Bahamas, and Venezuela. After a long successful period, the Photochrom Company demised and Jackson retired in 1924. In 1929, he became Research Secretary for the Oregon Trail Memorial Association.
In 1936, the Department of the Interior commissioned Jackson for a series of mural paintings commemorating the four early geological surveys: Hayden, King, Wheeler, and Powell. He also painted for the National Park Service and executed watercolors for the publication of the Oregon Trail Memorial Association. His work involved extensive traveling, even when he was in his nineties.
During his long career, Jackson employed several photographic techniques, such as wet-plate and dry-plate. Besides numerous stereographs, he produced larger size negatives, from 5 x 8 inches to 20 x 22 inches. Most times, he took at least two different size cameras on his trips.
William Henry Jackson died on June 30, 1942, at the age of 99.
References:
Hales, Peter B. 1988. William Henry Jackson and the Transformation of the American Landscape. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Newhall, Beaumont and Diana E. Edkins. 1974. William Henry Jackson. With critical essay by William L. Broecker. Fort Worth: Morgan & Morgan for Amon Carter Museum.
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The collection consists of 137 photographs of Colorado, New Mexico and Utah taken by William Henry Jackson between circa 1879 and circa 1900. They are arranged in sequential order according to Jackson’s negative numbers, which are visible on the photographs along with his caption. The inscription "W.H.J. &Co." follows the caption on some of the images. Some of the photographs include paragraph-long descriptions of the subjects on verso. The photographs are albumen prints of various sizes. Most are 6 ½ x 4 ¼ inches mounted on a larger board.
One folder contains 19 7½ x 4 ¼ inches photographs. The collection includes smaller and larger sizes as well. Some photographs are not mounted. Most photographs represent scenery (especially of Colorado), railroads (with or without trains), mining town life scenes, mines and ranches.
In addition, the DeGolyer Library holds approximately 360 photographs and stereographs by Jackson in other collections.
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Arrangement of the Collection |
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The collection is organized into 1 series: |
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Series 1: Photographs |
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Access to Collection:
Collection is open for research use. Appointments are not necessary. However, due to the fragile nature of these materials, if you are planning to visit, an appointment would be appreciated.
Publication Rights:
Permission to publish materials must be obtained from the Director of the DeGolyer Library.
Copyright Statement:
It is the responsibility of the user to obtain copyright authorization.
Sensitive Material Statement:
Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications for which DeGolyer Library assumes no responsibility.
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This collection is indexed under the following terms in the Southern Methodist University Libraries' online catalog. Researchers desiring related materials may search the catalog using these terms. |
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Denver and Rio Grande Railroad Company -- Photographs. |
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Colorado Midland Railway Company -- Photographs. |
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Railroads -- United States -- Photographs. |
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Mineral industries -- United States -- Photographs. |
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Photography of railroads -- United States. |
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Colorado -- Photographs. |
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New Mexico -- Photographs. |
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Utah -- Photographs. |
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Albumen prints. |
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Other photographs by William Henry Jackson can be found in the following collections:
Views of Mexico, ca. 1870-1890. 1 disbound album of 94 albumen prints – some possibly by Jackson (Ag1982.0027)
Colorado, California, Oregon and Alaska views, ca. 1880-1890. 1 disbound album of 50 albumen prints by several photographers; 5 photographs of Colorado by William Henry Jackson (“Pikes’ Peak,” “Mayor Domo Eyrie Glen,” “Tower of Babel,” “Balanced Rock”) (Ag1982.0058)
Chattanooga, Tennessee, 1870s-1890s. 1 album of 358 views of Chattanooga, Tennessee, 6 views by Jackson at the end of the album (Ag1982.0068)
Album of views in the United States, 1880-1895. 1 album of 167 photographic prints with some photographs by William Henry Jackson (Ag1982.0111)
Album of views of Colorado, Utah and California, 1890-1901. 1 album (Ag1982.0113x)
Album of views of Arizona, New Mexico and the southwest, 1892. One unpublished album of views of Arizona and New Mexico by William Henry Jackson, including fold-out panoramas (Ag1982.0122x). Digital reproductions can be accessed online at Album of views of Arizona, New Mexico and the southwest
Les Geysers d’Amerique, 1871-1875. 1 album of 26 photographic prints of geysers and geological formations in Yellowstone National Park by made during the U.S. Geological Survey expedition under F.V. Hayden (Ag1982.0124x). Digital reproductions can be accessed online at Les Geysers d’Amerique
Lantern slides of Mexico, California and Colorado, 1890-1900. 25 glass lantern slides (Ag1984.0301). Digital reproductions can be accessed online at Lantern slides of Mexico, California and Colorado
Railroad photographs. Miscellaneous group of 6 photographs including 2 large albumen prints from mammoth plates by William Henry Jackson: #1052: "Chipeta Falls –Black Canon of the Gunnison"; #1309: "Canon of the River Las Animas and the Needle Mts." (Ag1984.0320x)
Colorado, 1870-1885. 1 album, 15 photographic prints of scenery and railroads (Ag1984.0337x). Digital reproductions can be accessed online at Colorado
Calvin D. Kingman collection of western photographs, 1880-1890. (Ag1986.0553)
Marshall Pass, Colorado and Moki Indian woman, 1902. 2 color photographic prints (Ag1991.0808x)
The narrow gauge railroad story, 1886-1899. 5 photographic prints (Ag1993.0876)
Colorado, 1890. 1 album, 47 photographic prints (Ag1996.1077)
New Mexico and Colorado views, 1886. 16 photographic prints of the southwest (Ag1996.1079)
William Henry Jackson stereographs, 1872-1890. 139 photographic prints on stereo cards, many taken during the U.S. Geological Survey of the Territories under Prof. F.V. Hayden, 1872-1873 (Ag1997.1150)
Views of Mexico, 1875-1890. 23 photographic prints (Ag1999.1255). Views of Mexico
Books in DeGolyer Library:
F722.U56 1873 Photographs of the Yellowstone National Park and views in Montana and Wyoming territories, 1873. 37 mounted photographs. Also in microfilm Mf80.01 reel 565, no. 5792. The DeGolyer illustrated book has been fully digitized. Digital reproductions can be accessed online at Photographs of the Yellowstone National Park and views in Montana and Wyoming territories
F594.U5 1869 Union Pacific Railroad Illustrations, 1869. 29 leaves of mounted photographs by Andrew Joseph Russell and William Henry Jackson.
F827.J33 1800z Denver and Rio Grande R’Y. Utah extension, 1875. Small album with 16 mounted photographs.
Folio-2 F784.D4 C46 1882 Centennial State, 1776-1882: a memorial offering of the business men and pioneers of Denver, Colorado, 1882. 149 mounted albumen photographs: 46 by William Henry Jackson (architecture, city views, mining, railroads, and landscape views) and 103 by Albert Rinehart (portraits).
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Collection of William Henry Jackson photographs, DeGolyer Library, Southern Methodist University.
Acquired.
Finding aid written by Ada Negraru, 2007.
Inventory by Suzanne Jackson, 2007.
Edited by Anne E. Peterson, 2007.
Lara Corazalla, 2007.
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Series 1: Photographs |
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Print numbers are listed before each item description when available. |
Box |
Folder |
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1 |
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84 - Buena Vista Mines Pikes Peak on Wilson Creek |
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190 - Royal Gorge, Grand Canyon of the Arkansas in Denver, Colorado |
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213 - Georgetown, Colorado from the East |
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231 - Tabor Opera House in Denver, Colorado |
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238 - Union Depot in Denver, Colorado |
Box |
Folder |
1 |
2 |
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401 - Soda Springs and Cliff House in Manitou, Colorado |
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403?- Navajo Manitou Soda Springs, Colorado |
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406 - Ute Pass in Denver, Colorado |
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406 - Ute Pass in Denver, Colorado |
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421 - U.S. Signal Station on Pike’s Peak in Colorado |
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424 - Manitou, Colorado |
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433 - Summit of Pike’s Peak, Colorado |
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434 - Manitou, Colorado Bath House |
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452 - Tijon Street in Colorado Springs, Colorado |
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602 - Balanced Rock. Garden of the Gods, Colorado |
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604 - Cathedral Spires. Garden of the Gods, Colorado |
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605A - The Seal and Bear. Garden of the Gods, Colorado |
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608 - Gateway and Pike’s Peak, Garden of the Gods, Colorado, 7 ½ x 4 ¼ |
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626 - Gateway, "Diana’s Temple," Perry Park, Colorado |
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638 - Mushroom Rocks. Garden of the Gods, Colorado |
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646 - The Three Graces. Garden of the Gods, Colorado, 7 ½ x 4 ¼ |
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668 - Aspen, Colorado. General view. 7 ½ x 4 ¼ |
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677 - Road to Manitou Caverns, Colorado, not mounted |
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681 - Donkey Party, Manitou, Colorado, 7 ½ x 4 ¼ |
Box |
Folder |
1 |
3 |
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783 - Soda Springs, Colorado |
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801 - Royal Gorge of the Arkansas, Colorado |
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801 - Royal Gorge of the Arkansas, Colorado, 7 ½ x 4 ¼ |
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805 - Grand Canyon of the Arkansas, Colorado |
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809 - Royal Gorge, Colorado |
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812 - Suspended Bridge in the Royal Gorge, Colorado. Mounted with 813. |
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813 - Passing trains in the Royal Gorge, Colorado. Mounted with 812. On the back of 812 and 813: 1013: In Marshall Pass. |
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814A - Rift in the Royal Gorge, Colorado, 7 ½ x 4 ¼ |
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832 - Mines in Eagle River Canyon, Leadville, Colorado. Not mounted. |
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862 - The Pool. Glenwood Baths, Colorado |
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961 - Chalk Creek Canyon, Colorado |
Box |
Folder |
1 |
4 |
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1002 - The Seal and Bear. Garden of the Gods, Colorado |
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1005 - The Sangre de Cristo from Marshall Pass, Colorado |
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1006 - Marshall Pass, Colorado |
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1007 - Marshall Pass, Colorado |
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1008 - Marshall Pass. Mt. Ouray, Colorado |
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1010 - Marshall Pass. Mt. Ouray. |
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1056 - Around Windy Point, M and P.P. R Y |
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1120 - Manitou Springs |
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1201 - Leadville, Colorado. Not mounted. |
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1201 - Leadville, Colorado. Not mounted. |
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1211 - View from the Court House. Leadville |
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1240 - Tabor Grand. Leadville, Colorado |
Box |
Folder |
1 |
5 |
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1426 - Post Office at Creede, Colorado |
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1427 - Upper Creede, Colorado |
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1428 - Creede, Colorado |
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1429 - The "Holy Moses." Creede, Colorado |
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1431 - Creede, Colorado |
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1432 - Lower Creede, Colorado. Not mounted. |
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1432 - Lower Creede, Colorado |
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1433 - Creede, Colorado |
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1434 - Creede, Colorado |
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1436 - Creede, Colorado |
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1439 - Creede |
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1440 - Creede |
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1441 - Creede, Colorado |
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1442 - Creede, Colorado |
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1607 - West End Toltec tunnel. Not mounted. |
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1802 - Mother Grundy, Clear Creek Canon |
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1810 - Georgetown from Griffith Mountain |
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1828 - High Bridge in Loop, Colorado. W.H.J. & C.P. |
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1842 - Panorama from Gray’s Peak, Southwest |
Box |
Folder |
2 |
1 |
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2415 - James’ Ranch Estes’ Park (Colorado). W.H.J. & Co., Denver. Not mounted. |
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2802 - Pueblo de Taos, New Mexico |
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3001 - San Francisco Street. Santa Fe, New Mexico. Not mounted. |
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3176 - The Antlers and Pike’s Peak, Detroit Photographic Co., Colorado Springs, Colorado |
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3253 - Camp in Baker’s Park (Colorado) |
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3257 - Elk Park Animas Canon (Colorado) |
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3257 - On Marshall Pass Above Mears. W.H.J. &Co. 9 ½ x 6. Not mounted. |
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3286 - Pueblo Smelting Works |
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3290 - The Lower Twin Lake and Mt. Elbert, Colorado. Not mounted. |
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3462 - Florissant from the North, Colorado, 7 ½ x 4 ¼ |
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3463 - Stager for Cripple Creek at Florissant, 7 ½ x 4 ¼ |
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3464 - Changing Horses at the Halfway House to Cripple Creek |
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3466 - The Arrival of Stages at Fremont, Cripple Creek |
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3468 - Stage Arrival at Fremont, Cripple Creek |
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3470 - Fremont and Mt. Pisgar |
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3471 - Fremont, February 1892, Cripple Creek |
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3472 - Main Street. Fremont, Cripple Creek |
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3473 - A Scene in Cripple Creek |
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3474 - First Bank at Cripple Creek |
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3475 - First Court House in Cripple Creek, Fremont |
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3476 - Merchant at Cripple Creek, Fremont |
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3477 - First Post Office in Cripple Creek, Fremont |
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3479 - The Cripple Creek Crusher |
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3480 - Panning Gold at Cripple Creek |
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3482 - Gold King and Cripple Creek Midnight Mines |
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3483 - Mining |
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3486 - The Cripple Creek Country Looking West |
Box |
Folder |
2 |
2 |
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3619 - A Cowboy |
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3630 - A "Dug Out" |
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3632 - A Mountain Ranch (E.H. Allen) |
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3667 - Rocky Mountain Water Carrier |
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3822 - Cliff Palace. Mesa Verde. Copyright W.H.J. &Co. 1893 |
Box |
Folder |
2 |
3 |
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4401 - Chipeta Falls. Black Canyon of the Gunnison |
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4407 - Chipeta Falls. Black Canyon |
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4408 - Approaching the Black Canyon |
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4429 - Castle Gate |
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4429 - Castle Gate, Utah, Price Canyon |
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5805 - Ouray |
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6002A - East from Iron Spring Station. Colorado Midland RR. |
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6004 - Tunnels 4 and 5. W.H.J. &Co. Not mounted. |
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6016 - Tunnels 12 and 13. Colorado Midland. Not mounted. |
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6017 - West from Tunnel 13. Colorado Midland. W.H.J. &Co. Not mounted. |
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6037 - In Ute Pass. Colorado Midland Series. W.H.J. &Co. |
Box |
Folder |
2 |
4 |
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(Unknown number) - Ridgeway, Colorado |
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(Unknown number) - Manitou, Colorado |
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(Unknown number) - The Glenar Chief’s Squaw and Papoose. South Table Mtn. Golden Toltec Gorge and Vicinity |
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(Unknown number) - Capitol Hill. The Divide. Pikes Peak |
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(Unknown number) - Summit of Pike’s Peak 14,147 feet above the sea. |
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(Unknown number) - Gateway. Garden of the Gods and Pike’s Peak 1881 (?) |
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(Unknown number) - Gateway. Garden of the Gods and Pike’s Peak 1881 (?) – 2nd copy |
Box |
3 |
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231 - Tabor Grand Opera House, Denver |
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233 - Court House, Colorado, Denver |
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249 - Panorama of Denver no. 4 [from Capitol Hill] |
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250 - Panorama of Denver no. 5 [from Capitol Hill] |
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801 - Grand Canyon of the Arkansas |
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804? - Royal Gorge [from below] |
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(unknown number) - Royal Gorge [from below] |
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(unknown number) - Black Canyon, Currecanti Needle |
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4226 - Upper Creede |
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4227 - Upper Creede |
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4228 - Main Street, Upper Creede |
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4229 - "Holy Moses" Mine |
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4230 - Profile of "Holy Moses" |
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4231 - Street in Lower Creede |
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4232 - Lower Creede |
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4233 - North Willow Canyon |
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4234 - Creede South Willow Canyon |
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4235 - Creede, Colorado near Junction |
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4236 - Fremont and Mt. Pisgah |
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4237 - Fremont, Cripple Creek, CO Fremont from the West |
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4238 - Buena Vista Mine and Pike’s Peak |
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(Unknown number) - St. Francis Cathedral, Santa Fe |
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(Unknown number) - Church of Santa Guadalupe, Santa Fe, 1884 |
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